Evaluation of vegetative traits, yield and alternate bearing habits of some imported apple cultivars grown under Urmia climate conditions

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Member of the Scientific Board, Horticultural Crop Research Department, West Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Urmia

2 Associate Professor, Temperate fruit Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, AREEO, Karaj

3 Assistant Professor, Horticultural Crop Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Isfahan

Abstract

In order to develop new apple cultivars, imported apple (from Italy) seedlings were evaluated for their growth, yield and quality characteristics. Imported combinations including Red Chief, Galaschniga, Fujikiko, Fuji, Gala cultivars grafted on M9 rootstocks as well as ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Red Delicious’ on M9 rootstocks as control were planted in a randomized complete block design at Horticultural Research Station, Orumiyeh. Growth parameters and vegetative characteristics of trees and qualitative traits of fruit were measured, and 3 year combined statistical analysis of data was performed. The results showed that all vegetative traits except for trunk diameter were statistically different among cultivars. Vegetative growth of one-year shoots, height, area of ​​canopy expansion and leaf size in ‘Red Chief’, ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Red Delicious’ Leaves were lower than other imported varieties. Total chlorophyll content in new cultivars was higher than control cultivars. Yield and fruit size were significantly lower in control trees than in other trees. Fruit quality indices in imported apple cultivars were significantly higher than control trees. The alternate bearing index and yield variations were lower in new cultivars of ‘Galaschniga’ and ‘Fuji Kiko’ than other cultivars. Yield performance in ‘Red Chief’ and ‘Galaschniga’ was higher than other cultivars.

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